Wascally Rabbits
By Elizabeth Henderson
Rabbits come in a wide range of sizes and colors. They are intelligent, social, and interesting animals. As with any pet, rabbits require a time commitment, living quarters, veterinary care, toys, and nutritious food. Rabbits can make excellent, long lived pets provided they are given the proper environment and care. Because they are naturally prey animals, they may frighten easily making them a poor choice as pets in homes with children under the age of seven.
Handling Your Rabbit
Rabbits are very social animals and will become a family member much like a dog or cat will. In fact, rabbits that are properly socialized often get along well with dogs and cats. It is important to make sure that your other animals have been properly socialized as well first and all interaction should be supervised. Because of their social nature and need for exercise, rabbits should be allowed several hours of "out of cage time" every day. This time should be spent in a rabbit safe environment where the rabbit can run, play, and socialize. When calm and being petted by someone your rabbit trusts, your rabbit may grind his or her teeth with contentment. This is a good sign that your rabbit is comfortable and happy and many people consider it the equivalent of a cat’s purr. Rabbits can be taught to come when called and are easily litter box trained.
Housing
Rabbits should have an enclosure that is at least six times the length of the rabbit when full grown. If floor space is an issue, consider a multi-level enclosure and/or extra "out of cage time". Many people successfully use "x-pens" 26 inches or taller that can be found at most pet stores. They are more commonly sold as puppy/dog exercise pens. They are highly portable and easier to clean than traditional cages. Another option is a large dog crate, however wire grid bottoms must be covered as they can cause sores and the plastic ones are too enclosed and will cause the rabbit to feel isolated.
Diet
All rabbits should be provided with an unlimited amount of grass hay. This is sometimes referred to as "free choice hay." Many rabbit owners and breeders prefer timothy hay over other grass hays. With mature rabbits, alfalfa and other legume based hays should be avoided as anything other than an occasional treat. Young rabbits may be given regular legume hay as they can benefit from the additional protein, calorie content, and calcium. Young rabbits should still have access to grass hay as well. Young rabbits are often given an unlimited supply of hay pellets as well as grass hay, while mature rabbits are generally limited to one ounce of pellets per pound of body weight per day. Good quality rabbit pellets should have about 18% protein and a minimum of 16% fiber. In addition to hay rabbits may be given up to two cups of dark leafy green vegetables and half of a cup of fruit or carrots for every six pounds of body weight, per day. If you want, treats, such as a slice of strawberry, may be given as well, but only sparingly. As rabbits have delicate digestive systems, any changes in diet should be made slowly. Cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage, potatoes, corn, and other starchy vegetables should always be avoided. Iceberg lettuce should also be avoided as it may cause digestive upset and is of little nutritional value. Rabbits should be provided with access to fresh, clean water at all times.
Toys
Toys are important for rabbits, to keep both their minds and their bodies active. Toys must be non-toxic as rabbits will chew on virtually any toy. Non-toxic wooden toys are a must for every rabbit as they will help keep the rabbit’s teeth short. Many rabbits also love simple toys such as cardboard boxes and tubes, untreated wicker baskets, and PVC pipe.
Good Health Care
It is important to establish a relationship with a local veterinarian that is experienced with rabbit health care. A good veterinarian will not only be able to handle any emergencies that arise, but will also be able to help with proper diet and behavior. It is a good idea to neuter all pet rabbits once they reach four months of age. Rabbits also require regular nail trimming, which you can learn to do yourself. Rabbits cannot be declawed, so regular trimming is important, and when done properly causes no pain. Rabbits generally go through a period of shedding every few months. Regular brushing is beneficial and can be enjoyable for your rabbit.
Rabbits make great, easy to care for pets that almost everyone will enjoy. As with any pet, it is important to take the time to learn about the animal before rushing out and bringing one home. Many people buy a rabbit simply because they are cute and it is Easter time. A healthy rabbit can live for 12 years. Please take the time to make sure you are committed to the long term care of these beautiful animals before you get one!
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